Ionic Bonding
For OCR and Edexcel exam boards
For OCR and Edexcel exam boards
Definition:
"Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions."
Common properties include:
· Are solids
· High melting points and boiling points
· Conduct electricity in aqueous solution an when molten
· Don’t conduct electricity when solid
These properties can be explained by the nature of the ionic bonds.
Ionics bonds are usually formed from a metal and a non-metal ion. Metallic elements usually form the positive ion when electrons are removed. The non-metallic atoms tend to gain electrons thus forming negative ion. So there is this transferral of electrons from metal to non-metal atoms. This will mean the atoms will have a complete outer shell of electrons and will have noble gas electronic configuration.
The presence of these ions causes the properties which are related to ionic bonds. These ions form a giant ionic lattice. The 3D arrangement depends on the ions relative size.
The diagram below shows a dot-and-cross diagram of Sodium Chloride (NaCl):
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